tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-78861018994620165932024-03-14T06:08:31.264-07:00Music 1Music 1 blog.Australian Popular Musichttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13989281229576743015noreply@blogger.comBlogger8125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7886101899462016593.post-48629528028293107992011-08-22T22:10:00.000-07:002011-08-22T22:10:02.634-07:00The commitments- Hard to Handle<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Musical Analysis</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Hard to handle- The commitments soundtrack (film) </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/NtCBuTQqOw4?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Duration </span></b></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The tempo is moderately fast</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The time signature is 4/4</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The different rhythmic layers include the piano, trumpet, saxophones, congas, vocals, tambourine, electric guitar, bass, drums</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">There are many accompanying rhythmic layers where repetition is a feature for example the bass line has a repeated rhythmic figure, other instruments which have a repeated sequence include the electric guitar, bass, drums.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The introduction is repeated twice </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The pulse is rhythmically driven</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Majority of short rhythmic values</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Syncopation in the bass and melody parts. The congas use strong syncopation. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Texture</span></b></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The texture is homophonic<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The main melodic role is the male vocals and the other instruments are accompanying. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The texture is constantly changing with the addition and subtraction of the instruments.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The texture builds, although it is always homophonic.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The texture becomes less when the verse begins sue to the brass and woodwind instruments being subtracted. Then the texture then increases when the backing vocals come in.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">When the lyrics say “ pretty little thing, let me light your candle” is when the texture becomes monophonic because only the vocals are heard.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The instruments are playing strong, full, accented sounds which add to the overall texture of the song. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></div>Australian Popular Musichttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13989281229576743015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7886101899462016593.post-59090794903804579962011-06-15T20:15:00.000-07:002011-06-15T20:15:23.323-07:00<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="color: red; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Indian classical music</span></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Principally based on melody and rhythm, not on harmony, chords and the other basics of Western classical music</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">To Indians, music can be a spiritual discipline on the path to self-realisation; for we follow the traditional teaching that sound is god.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The ancient Vedic scriptures teach that there are two types of sound. One is a vibration, the upper or purer air near the celestral realm .The other sound is the vibration of air in the lower atmosphere closer to the earth.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The tradition of Indian classical music is an oral one. It is taught directly by the guru to the disciple, rather than by the notation method used in the west.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The very heart of Indian music is the raga: the melodic form upon which the musician improvises. The framework is established by tradition and inspired by the creative spirits of master musicians.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ragas are difficult to explain, though Indian music is modal in character, ragas should not be mistaken as modes that one hears in the music of the middle and far eastern countries.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">A raga is a scientific, precise, subtle and aesthetic melodic form with its own peculiar ascending and descending movement consisting of either a full seven note octave, or a series of six or five notes in a rising or falling structure called the Arohana and Avorohana. IT is the subtle difference in the order of notes, an omission of a dissonant note, an emphasis on a particular note, the slide from one note to another, and the use of microtones together with other subtleties that demarcate one raga from the other .</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="color: red; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Raga anandi Kalyan – Ravi and Anoushka Shankar</span></span></u></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><object width="320" height="266" class="BLOGGER-youtube-video" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0" data-thumbnail-src="http://2.gvt0.com/vi/-KXk_8_8oLY/0.jpg"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/-KXk_8_8oLY&fs=1&source=uds" /><param name="bgcolor" value="#FFFFFF" /><embed width="320" height="266" src="http://www.youtube.com/v/-KXk_8_8oLY&fs=1&source=uds" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"></embed></object></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Pitch</span></b></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Melodic ornamentation, pitch bends and slides</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">It does not sound as though it is using a normal western scale structures</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">There are repetitions of ascending scale runs</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The pitch is fairly high</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The melody incorporates both leaps and steps</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">There is a repeated tonic note used as underlying sound</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The three layers include the Citar, and the accompanying citar. There is also a table which is a un-tunned instrument although has a pitch range. The way the drum is played gives different pitches.</span></div>Australian Popular Musichttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13989281229576743015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7886101899462016593.post-34564523527882275522011-06-13T22:17:00.000-07:002011-06-13T22:17:59.063-07:00Samba BatucudaWithin our class we performed our own Samba Batucada at Musicale. We based our performance on the score below:<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYl8nFN62rwySXTDMUsOrMoM5UVwuTLGjE4MmCKd0qk25E-59Y_ZlsOvYqdoHXvzjRnX65ZzyHDQGcfUBVnTzUarZ7UQKTfpk6YV9bRRSA9oX-Zc5dgG7ekCRrxgwzx84Ef0PYPiPd9vrF/s1600/samba+batucada.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYl8nFN62rwySXTDMUsOrMoM5UVwuTLGjE4MmCKd0qk25E-59Y_ZlsOvYqdoHXvzjRnX65ZzyHDQGcfUBVnTzUarZ7UQKTfpk6YV9bRRSA9oX-Zc5dgG7ekCRrxgwzx84Ef0PYPiPd9vrF/s320/samba+batucada.PNG" t8="true" width="249" /></a></div><br />
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The instruments that we used within this piece are similar to the orignial score although more westernised.<br />
These instruments include:<br />
- Timpani<br />
- Snare drum<br />
- Cow bell<br />
- guiros<br />
- Shakers<br />
- Marraccas<br />
- Congos<br />
- Ago-go bell<br />
- Piccallo snare drum<br />
- Bongos<br />
- cajon (box)<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdF5ouOCzf5GmBsU_GKaTDJIl67Zwh4_UOixRwmRdI9hL4YtCIl03hsx_wkJYxGvGoEyCYXkEdLWL_59BJ2cb5cRgduKZfzQ6dqTwfMprWPZYVe6HNovmQ0Y5k5UNMOPYdm_lVdkuX5INt/s1600/samba+instruments.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="153" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdF5ouOCzf5GmBsU_GKaTDJIl67Zwh4_UOixRwmRdI9hL4YtCIl03hsx_wkJYxGvGoEyCYXkEdLWL_59BJ2cb5cRgduKZfzQ6dqTwfMprWPZYVe6HNovmQ0Y5k5UNMOPYdm_lVdkuX5INt/s200/samba+instruments.png" t8="true" width="200" /></a></div><br />
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The structure included:<br />
- a call and response introduction<br />
- samba (all in)<br />
- Pause<br />
- call ad response section<br />
- samba (all in)<br />
- crescendo and accelerando to finish<br />
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To create interest we also:<br />
- had variations in rythmic patterns<br />
- had a variation of tone colours<br />
- change in tempo <br />
- change in dynamics during middle call nd respone sectionAustralian Popular Musichttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13989281229576743015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7886101899462016593.post-82609470821558131592011-05-22T00:11:00.000-07:002011-06-23T01:51:40.119-07:00Music of a culture- Zimbabwean music<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Music of a Culture:</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><country-region w:st="on"><place w:st="on"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Zimbabwe</span></place></country-region><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> African Music</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Instruments used</span></span></b></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Mbira:</span></b><span style="color: #333333; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"> the national instrument of </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><a href="http://goafrica.about.com/od/zimbabwe/Zimbabwe_Travel_Guide.htm"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Zimbabwe</span></a>.<span style="color: #333333;"> The mbira is in the lamellophone family of musical instruments, and is made of a small board or block (called a <i>gwariva</i> or soundboard) with attached metal strips</span></span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7wdep1viFhMN9_1DSjT_Z-VgzHWya-wk6jsVylAW0_f5fwtCdQDlje8X0JzbAQif7Q9KumENvpsxOxRXlrhfTtRzikzcHLw8xUB6DvMrdiVYrXV3nQKWlrsvnaQQ3dS8DkzOFNrwSKTRQ/s1600/Mbira.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" j8="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7wdep1viFhMN9_1DSjT_Z-VgzHWya-wk6jsVylAW0_f5fwtCdQDlje8X0JzbAQif7Q9KumENvpsxOxRXlrhfTtRzikzcHLw8xUB6DvMrdiVYrXV3nQKWlrsvnaQQ3dS8DkzOFNrwSKTRQ/s200/Mbira.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><br />
</div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Hosho: </span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Zimbabwean <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_instruments" title="Musical instruments"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">musical instruments</span></a> consisting of a pair of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maranka&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Maranka (page does not exist)"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Maranka</span></a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gourds" title="Gourds"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">gourds</span></a> with seeds. They typically contain <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hota" title="Hota"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">hota</span></a> (<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canna_indica"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Canna indica</span></a></i>) seeds inside them<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Drumming:</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"></span></b></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Drums are always associated with dance and can be used for various dances.</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Mhande Drums</span></span></b></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Shauro- used for the lead rhythm</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Tsinhiro- used for the response rhythm<b></b></span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Dinhe Drums</span></span></b></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Mhito- used for the lead rhythm</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Mitumba miviri- used for the response rhythm<b></b></span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Chokoto Drums</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"></span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(these are two headed)</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Genres </span></span></b></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Jit: </span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">This is a highly danceable form of music that <country-region w:st="on"><place w:st="on">Zimbabwe</place></country-region> is best known for, it gained exposure during the 1980s. It is characterised by fast guitar riffs and rapid-fire drumming. It is also influenced by Tanzanian guitar<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Shona music: </span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">This is the traditional music of the Shona people of <country-region w:st="on"><place w:st="on">Zimbabwe</place></country-region>. There are several types of instruments Shona music <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>includes such as The Mbira, singing,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the Hosho and drumming</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">. The music is often accompanied by dancing. This form of music will often be heard in religious ceremonies.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Chimurenga music</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">: This is a popular music genre within <country-region w:st="on"><place w:st="on">Zimbabwe</place></country-region>. The word Chimurenga means “struggle” in a Shona Language. The music is based on the struggle for human rights, political dignity and social justice. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Sungura</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">: This is very popular genre in <country-region w:st="on"><place w:st="on">Zimbabwe</place></country-region> that involves heavy guitars, and the songs generally have reggae feel. This genre had its peak in the mid-1990s and is still going strong today. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Social and Historical Context of <place w:st="on"><country-region w:st="on">Zimbabwe</country-region></place> Music</span></span></b></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span lang="EN" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">The music of <country-region w:st="on"><place w:st="on">Zimbabwe</place></country-region> is based on the rhythms and melodies of the Mbira, this instrument is associated with the ancestors.</span><span lang="EN"> </span>There is also pop music in <country-region w:st="on"><place w:st="on">Zimbabwe</place></country-region> that incorporates their indigenous instruments. Although the mbira is traditionally played as ceremonial music to call spirits<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span lang="EN" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Traditional music of the Mbira would promote the feeling of solidarity in the struggle for independance within <place w:st="on"><country-region w:st="on">Zimbabwe</country-region></place>.</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span lang="EN" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Music groups would be formed in Urban areas and the lyrics would contain political messages that promoted <place w:st="on">Africa</place></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">In all African cultures, dance, music, and song help define the role of the individual and the group within the community</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Historically, the music of <country-region w:st="on"><place w:st="on">Zimbabwe</place></country-region> was representative of every aspect of life in Zimbabwean culture, from birth, through the trials and events of living, to death.</span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN;"> </span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span lang="EN" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">When colonization occurred in <country-region w:st="on"><place w:st="on">Zimbabwe</place></country-region>, it brought with it Christian values, beliefs and music that changed the way traditional lyrics and music were written and performed. This also brought new genres.</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></div><div style="line-height: 19.8pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">Outside influences:</span></b></div><div class="ListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Other influences on popular music include church music, gospel, Zairean rhumba, and South African mbaqanga and mbube<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></span></div><span lang="EN" style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">- Western influence has forced the music and performance art of <country-region w:st="on"><place w:st="on">Zimbabwe</place></country-region> from being used to celebrate the religious beliefs and communal practices of its people to having to make a statement about the social conditions and hardships brought upon them</span><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><u>Analysis of<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> “</b><b><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;">Munondizvidza”</span></b></u><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><u> <b>by the Four Brothers</b>-</u> This song comes under the popular genre of Jit within <place w:st="on"><country-region w:st="on">Zimbabwe</country-region></place>.</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
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</div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Duration: </span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Very fast tempo</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">the time signature is 4/4</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">There is rhythmic repetition used by the electric guitar throughout the whole song</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The rhythm is a variation of straight and syncopated notes; this is created by the multiple electric guitars that are playing completely different rhythms.</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The different rhythmic layers includes the two electric guitars, the vocals ( more than one voice) and the drum</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Pitch:</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">tonality is major</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The melody of the vocals moves in a series of steps and leaps at different intervals</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The accompaniment of the guitars to the vocals moves mainly in steps</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The range of the melody is fairly small</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Texture:</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">there are three major layers of sound</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">the vocals are the main part, the electric guitars both provide an accompanying melody, although during an interval one of the guitars has the main part where it uses rhythmic repetition.</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The texture is homophonic</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The texture is quite dense</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The texture becomes thinner when the vocals are not involved. When they drop out it is just the two electric guitars playing.</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Tone color:</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">the instruments involved are vocals, electric guitars and a form of drum</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Both the guitars are plucking the strings</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The sound can be described as very lively and light</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Dynamics and expressive techniques:</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">There is not much dynamic contrast, the dynamics are consistent the whole song- moderately loud</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">By plucking the strings, the guitars create a staccato</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The vocals are very free, sometimes almost spoken</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Structure:</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The structure is hard to determine in this song because there is no real tempo changes, dynamic changes or melodic changes</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">There are not distinct verse, chorus structures seen in this song</span></span></div><div class="ListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">There are various sections where the vocals and the guitar has new melodies.</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><u>Analysis of <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mudzima” by Ephat Mujuru and Dumisani Maraire</i></b></u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/l6PjeNG1T0Q?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">Duration:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>the tempo is fast</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>the time signature cant be defined as the Mbira is using a variety of rhythmic patterns that don’t necessarily fall on the same beats</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>There is two Mbira parts within this song where they are both using rhythmic repetition.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>There are two rhythmic layers</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>There are two continuous rhythmic ostinatos which are played constantly throughout the entire song with only slight alterations</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">Pitch:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The tonality cant be defined </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>One of the melodic roles has a part which moves down in a scale, the other part uses leaps</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The accompaniment is the Mbira part which is lower and has a less complicated melodic role</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The whole song is made up of melodic repletion as the two Mbira parts both have a continuous ostinatos</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">Texture:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>There are two layers of sound</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The song wouldn’t be classified as polyphonic, although it isn’t really homophonic either as there is a part that is slightly more important than the other, although the second part doesn’t necessarily play an accompanying melody.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The texture is fairly dense</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">Tone Colour:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>the two instruments playing are both Mbira’s</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">While playing, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_finger" title="Little finger"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">little finger</span></a> of the right hand is placed through a hole in the bottom right corner of the soundboard, stabilizing the instrument and leaving thumb and index finger of the right hand open to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pizzicato" title="Pizzicato"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">stroke</span></a> the keys in the right register from above and below.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">The sound is light </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Dynamics and expressive techniques</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">The song is mf throughout the whole song</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">The dynamics don’t change throughout the entire song </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">The sounds are short and detached which is staccato</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">Structure</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN;">There is a small introduction which then leads into the main part of the song which continues until it fades out at the end</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>There are no defined sections as each part is constantly repeated for the entire song.</div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: left;"><br />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><u>Analysis of a typical Chimurenga song</u></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/XYYS203zwKo?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">Duration:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>the tempo is andante</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The time signature is 4/4</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The rhythm is straight</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>There is rhythmic repetition seen in the vocals, electric guitar, drums and the brass instruments</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>There are continues ostinatos used by the guitar and brass instruments</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">Pitch:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The tonality is major</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The melody moves in a variation of steps and leaps</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The accompaniment moves in steps</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>There is melodic repletion used by most of the instruments</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">Texture:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>There are 5 layers of sound</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The female vocals are the main melodic role </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The texture is homophonic </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The texture is dense</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The texture becomes lighter in the section when the male vocals has the main melodic role</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">Tone Colour:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>female vocals, choral backing vocals, electric guitar, drums, brass instruments, male vocals</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The sound is lively and when it changes to the middle section, rich.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The male vocals uses a form of scat singing, using his vocals as a percussion instrument which alters the tone colour to a richer sound</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">Dynamics and expressive techniques</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>the dynamics are quite loud</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>there is no variation in dynamics</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>the vocals used by the female are very loose and she uses a variations of melismas</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>the male vocals use a form of scat and could almost be distinguished as a form of rapping</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">Structure:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>there are 2 different sections: the main section is first which constantly repeats itself until the second section where the male vocals come in, then after this the female vocals come in and the main section repeats again.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>The structure would be classified as <city w:st="on"><place w:st="on">ABA</place></city></div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"></div>Australian Popular Musichttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13989281229576743015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7886101899462016593.post-47686102941402539582011-05-16T22:11:00.000-07:002011-05-16T22:11:51.945-07:00Music of a Culture<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: red;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Music of a Culture</span></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ladysmith<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Black Mombazo</span></i></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Bio:</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-62kCKA0hJxIvS_cnKtFgD9HVd_ZTASe5XFOcy8hC3jFo-wgAKrpjscHWgSP5mFjKqytQfk7GGGK1e5Cr8MsZShHHd0ohctyAMvd6DS-aieQPfdXZc_kvynUgiNJH3cw0FHgpxYQX-3bh/s1600/black+people.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" j8="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-62kCKA0hJxIvS_cnKtFgD9HVd_ZTASe5XFOcy8hC3jFo-wgAKrpjscHWgSP5mFjKqytQfk7GGGK1e5Cr8MsZShHHd0ohctyAMvd6DS-aieQPfdXZc_kvynUgiNJH3cw0FHgpxYQX-3bh/s1600/black+people.png" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The South African Choral group has been together for over forty years, combining the sounds from their traditional culture and Christian Gospel Music.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They assembled in the 1960s in Durban South Africa by Joseph Shabalala.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ladysmith is the name of Josephs hometown, Black refers to the Oxen which is the strongest farm animal and Mambazo is the Zulu word for axe which represents the vocal group’s ability to chop down any singing rival they may come across.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Their first record contract came about after a 1970 radio broadcast, and to this day they currently have made 50 records. Their Philosophy within the studio is preserving their musical heritage as well as entertaining. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">They have been invited to perform in many special occasions including a performance for the Queen of England and the Royal Family at the Royal Albert Hall in London. They have also performed at two Nobel Prize ceremonies, for the Pope John Paul II in Rome and the 1996 Summer Olympics.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">They have an album coming out in 2011 called “Songs from a Zulu Farm” which expresses the experiences of many of the older members who grew up in Ladysmith.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b><span style="color: #222222; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">Analysis of I Disagreed - Ladysmith Black Mambazo</span></b><span style="color: #222222; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #222222; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Tone Colour: </span></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="color: #222222; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">- Many layers of vocals</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="color: #222222; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">- Lead vocals and backing</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="color: #222222; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">- All male vocals</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="color: #222222; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">- <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Call and response<br />
- Call almost spoken<br />
- Higher and lower male vocals harmonise<br />
- Clicking sounds created<br />
- Tenor, bass and baritone vocals<br />
- Lead vocals are nasal, response is smooth more melodic and pitch is more defined<br />
- Backing bend pitch up<br />
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Texture:</i><br />
- Homophonic<br />
- Call and response<br />
- Response is the accompaniment<br />
- Used to provide contrast, call is thin, response is dense<br />
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dynamics and Expressive Techniques:</i><br />
- Vibrato, Rhythmic almost spoken<br />
- Nasal in delivery of call<br />
- Pitch bends<br />
- Dynamic shaping - crescendos<br />
- Response is smooth, legato</span></span></div>Australian Popular Musichttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13989281229576743015noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7886101899462016593.post-64033126910793653882011-04-06T19:52:00.000-07:002011-04-07T14:32:17.696-07:00Viva Voce<em><strong><span style="color: red;">Viva Voce</span>: A musical analysis of the songs "Zebra" and "Revolution' by John Butlet Trio</strong></em><br />
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<strong><em><u>Zebra</u></em></strong><br />
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<em>Tone Colour: </em><br />
- repeated ostinato played by a variety of different instruments throughout the song<br />
- guitar uses technique of plucking strings to accentuate notes<br />
- vocal techniques are loose, free, almost shouted.<br />
- regae feel created by instrumentation and accentuated off beat<br />
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<em>Duration:</em><br />
<em>- </em>syncopation used by drums and in the instrumentation, guiat plucks the off beat in verse 1 ( creates the regae feel) <br />
- continuouse rhythmic ostinato<br />
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<em>Texture:</em><br />
<em>- </em>rythmic ostinato, accents and staccatos make the song sund richer when its actually fairly thin<br />
- homphonic texture: main melodic role is shared between the guitar and vocals<br />
- instrumental has thin texture<br />
- As song goes on, the texture in verses increases becuse of more complicated rhythmic and melodic ideas<br />
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<em>Dynamcs and Expressive techniques:</em><br />
- Guitar uses a form of distortion in the instrumental.<br />
- Not that musch dynamic contrast<br />
- crescendo into chorus, decrescendo into instrumental<br />
- variety of accents used<br />
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<em>Structure:</em><br />
- intro, verse, chorus structure<br />
- additional sections added to create interest<br />
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<em>Pitch:</em><br />
<em>- </em>main melody has narrow range<br />
- backing vocals in chorus create contrast with staccato<br />
- ostinato provides melodic repetition<br />
- melody moves in steps<br />
- melodic repetition in verses by chorus.<br />
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<strong><em><u>Revolution</u></em></strong><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/x3Ky8zTh6DY?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><br />
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<em>Tone colour: </em><br />
- more alternate sound in comparison to Zebra<br />
- the strength of the sound increases in chorus. its airy in the beginning and then changes in the chorus to a stronger sound<br />
- airy sound created by synthesizer<br />
- vocals use shouting technique<br />
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<em>Duration:</em><br />
<em>- </em>guitar provides rhythmic role by playing short notes on the beat<br />
- accents placed on beats 2 and 4- accentuated by guitar and drums<br />
- vocals have rhythmic role in the bridge due to the technique of shouting on the beat.<br />
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<em>Texture:</em><br />
- texture increases a lot in chorus due to more complicated rhythmic and melodic roles<br />
- homophonic texture with the main melodic role being the vocals<br />
- the bridge has numerouse vocal parts which create thicker texture<br />
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<em>Pitch:</em><br />
<em>- </em>melodic repetition used by the vocals<br />
- greater vocal range that moves in steps<br />
- melodic repetition also used by electric guitar<br />
- use of harmonies<br />
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<em>Dynamics and expressive techniques:</em><br />
- use of distortion of guitar in instrumental part<br />
- crescendo into the chorus<br />
accents on beats 2 and 4<br />
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<em>Structure:</em><br />
<em>- </em>intro, verse, chorus structure<br />
- synthesized sound leads into a new melodic idea within the song<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6wQQOmjid7ISX3LDJzkI1zTKTommviJlkT5jCICNkjHkpv9zKKxkula7fj06f5huXeJcsmstjAsvEYVfEQo0vPIxSQ0QQPs5Y292HKzVJ0SiItUH2WeEPk_c4PuLnyfo-Utx5JF3Ir-ak/s1600/lala21.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" r6="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6wQQOmjid7ISX3LDJzkI1zTKTommviJlkT5jCICNkjHkpv9zKKxkula7fj06f5huXeJcsmstjAsvEYVfEQo0vPIxSQ0QQPs5Y292HKzVJ0SiItUH2WeEPk_c4PuLnyfo-Utx5JF3Ir-ak/s200/lala21.jpg" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLvLBVMshQ2ydjFU9iQh9eManCDaKGdxQubDDovEo-AmiqyAtNdlzD57dLdTJQhbWAam4c6fqxA9fiB4W9DqgYsnssQHKLR8NV0U6LtJUjLgsA0wArb8d3xGO_cOd4dvAOlW1ibnhn40SV/s1600/lala20.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="208" r6="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLvLBVMshQ2ydjFU9iQh9eManCDaKGdxQubDDovEo-AmiqyAtNdlzD57dLdTJQhbWAam4c6fqxA9fiB4W9DqgYsnssQHKLR8NV0U6LtJUjLgsA0wArb8d3xGO_cOd4dvAOlW1ibnhn40SV/s320/lala20.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>Australian Popular Musichttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13989281229576743015noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7886101899462016593.post-5893372863899625132011-04-06T19:17:00.000-07:002011-04-07T14:23:27.783-07:00Concepts Revision<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Concepts of Music</span></span></u></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: magenta;">Pitch:</span> </span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">High or low</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Range( distance between the highest and lowest note, whole ensemble or one part) </span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Harmonies, melodies ( steps or leaps)</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Melodic repetition</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Tonality ( major, minor, atonal)</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Dissonant( ugly) or consonant ( pretty)</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Style</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Direction of pitch movement</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRLJa_J6KGEzWjGGqT8UpCttNLx0liiD3xlyvgWflBIb2oB6q9l0NlFjm8V6yZNAaU4f9sYioJBiy2atsFtR1y-272JR5pghp0YjfFa-aoBQgNX1VWC3rPX_XUbOkxq-567HQ678BwF2Si/s1600/lalala7.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="186" r6="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRLJa_J6KGEzWjGGqT8UpCttNLx0liiD3xlyvgWflBIb2oB6q9l0NlFjm8V6yZNAaU4f9sYioJBiy2atsFtR1y-272JR5pghp0YjfFa-aoBQgNX1VWC3rPX_XUbOkxq-567HQ678BwF2Si/s200/lalala7.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: magenta;">Duration:</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Rhythm </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Repetition (who is using repetition?)<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Time signature( How many bets per bar? Simple and compound time signatures)<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Tempo<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Rhythmic devices (Syncopation- off beat, anacrusis, diminuation, poly rhythms)<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Long notes ( semibreves, minimums, rests )<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Short notes (quavers, semiquavers, rests) contrast between these two types of notes.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Accents, staccatos and tenutos makes the note values sounds different. ( articulation) <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Rhythmic patterns ( Ostinatos, cross rhythms, syncopation, Metrical)<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: magenta;">Tone Colour:</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">How instruments sound, </span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ensembles and how they relate together</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Families ( strings, woodwind, brass, percussion, voices</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">How is the sound made? ( <u>blown</u>-reed, none, <u>string</u>- pluck, bow, <u>hit</u>- mallet)</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Performing media </span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Subjective descriptions of the overall sound</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiZUT4K_ACCpwEL26MMs0PFkCpdgwrY7TndSkVhAMSND4nsnh6Hp-THtcdT4vfkLkSrTG6a2zdXrXJkHKXVzq-NoAXf0fbLuaqLqONTHLxKl_LD7GgML-Q0dV4-2Avy_8bJnKvgkp-N3zJ/s1600/llala8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" r6="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiZUT4K_ACCpwEL26MMs0PFkCpdgwrY7TndSkVhAMSND4nsnh6Hp-THtcdT4vfkLkSrTG6a2zdXrXJkHKXVzq-NoAXf0fbLuaqLqONTHLxKl_LD7GgML-Q0dV4-2Avy_8bJnKvgkp-N3zJ/s200/llala8.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><br />
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: magenta;">Texture:</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Layers of sound ( monophonic, homophone, polyphonic, heterophonic )</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The density of the sound ( rich, thick, full, dense, light airy, sparse</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The change in densities of the sound</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: magenta;">Structure:</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Unity and contrast</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Form ( binary , ternary, Rondo, theme and variation, sonata)</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Diversity or change ( introducing new material, or bring back old material in a new way)</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Contrast in moods or character of the music</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Balance within the piece( correct proportion of sound in each musical element</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: magenta;">Dynamics and expressive techniques:</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Volume levels, change in volume, terraced dynamics, accentuation</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Articulation patterns ( staccato, legato, tenuto)</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Accentuation</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Instrumental techniques( glissando etc )</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Stylistic indications ( e.g. dolce )</span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Articulation patterns </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
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</div>Australian Popular Musichttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13989281229576743015noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7886101899462016593.post-43092476557144985862011-04-04T22:08:00.000-07:002011-04-07T14:33:16.836-07:00Australian music assignment<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="color: red; font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Australian Music Assignment</strong></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Brain storm as many Australian pop artists as you can span from 1950-2011 (to be done in world).</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Go through each decade and allocate a minimum of 4 key players that defined the decade.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Find and watch a video clip of each</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">4.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Broadly define the stylistic characteristics of the music from each decade- using language from the concepts.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">5.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Select one piece of music to discuss in detail referring to the concepts</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">6.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Go to the Prezi Website set up a profile-make sure you select the setup for teachers and students. Transfer you information and video clips to a prezi presentation.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">7.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Present your history of Australian popular Music to the class.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="color: red; font-family: Calibri;"><strong>1) Brainstorm of Australin Pop Artists</strong></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> Slim dusty, Jonny O’keefe, Col joy,The seekers, The easybeats,The beegees, Little Pady, The bushwackers, renee geyer, Peter Alan, AC/DC, Midnight oil, cold chisel, INXS, men at work,The skyhooks, John Farnham , Kylie minogue, Crowded House, Natalie Imbruglia, Tina Arena,Nikki webster, guy sebastion, delta Goodrem, silverchair, Vanessa Amarosi, angus and julai stone, john butler trio, Pete Murray</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong><span style="color: red;">2) Key players that defined the decade</span></strong></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1950s=Slim dusty, Jonny O’keefe, Col joy</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1960s=The seekers, The easybeats,The beegees, Little Pady</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1970s=The bushwackers, renee geyer, Peter Alan, </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1980s=AC/DC, Midnight oil, cold chisel, INXS, men at work, The skyhooks, John Farnham </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1990s=Kylie minogue, Crowded House, Natalie Imbruglia, Tina Arena</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2000s=Nikki webster, guy sebastion, delta Goodrem, silverchair, Vanessa Amarosi</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">New music=angus and julai stone, john butler trio, Pete Murray</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: red;"><strong>3)</strong></span> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">1950s: Johnny O’keefe</div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/2kP3BS23PNE?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 18pt;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
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</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">1960s: The easybeats</div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 18pt;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
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1970s: The Bee Gees</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 18pt;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><br />
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1980s: AC/DC</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 18pt;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/2Kjh9lQXLWk?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe> <br />
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1990's: Kylie Minogue</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 18pt;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/DFMPnbiC1fc?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 18pt;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 18pt;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 18pt;"><br />
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2000’s: Silverchair</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 18pt;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/47P3bzefCVI?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe> <br />
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<span style="color: red;"><strong>4) characteristics of the decade</strong></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 18pt;"><strong><u>1950s:</u></strong> </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi_pMamftHHd_aKefkHOH-pMFmizGNhKBxZmYx2xyLKhOPrbvwhyphenhyphen840YEuXqOMVkHJpwzObmm2A1ZNre-xOeMj3jPBMoCaLeudc1rP66i8-aeRBPK7LHcD5sQw0PbLG0aGhcYESoiGZPec/s1600/lalala6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="156" r6="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi_pMamftHHd_aKefkHOH-pMFmizGNhKBxZmYx2xyLKhOPrbvwhyphenhyphen840YEuXqOMVkHJpwzObmm2A1ZNre-xOeMj3jPBMoCaLeudc1rP66i8-aeRBPK7LHcD5sQw0PbLG0aGhcYESoiGZPec/s200/lalala6.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><br />
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- The music was usually written about bushrangers, Convict transportation, drinking and freedom. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>This period was edging out of the big band period of music and into rock and roll following the invention of the electric guitar, typical instruments found in this era would include a typical rock band including electric guitars, bass guitars, drums, vocals, backing vocals and then often a brass instrument. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Simple time signatures mainly common time</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Ostinatos were common</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Melody moves mainly in steps with some leaps </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Homophonic textures</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Only slight variations in texture</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Tone colour quite simple with common instruments no electronically produced sounds</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Typical rock band instruments with drum kit, bass guitar, guitar and vocals</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong><u>1960s</u></strong></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">- </span> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Similar to the 1950s as it was in the heart of the rock and roll era with new genres of rock being introduced including punk rock and garage rock. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The instrumentation is very similar, although less brass instrument’s were seen in bands. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The songs were influenced by the rebellion against the Vietnam War</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Acoustic instruments such as guitar and piano were used more commonly</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Simple rock beats were very common</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Textures were denser with all instruments playing at most times</span></span></div><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"></span></span><br />
<img height="77" src="http://img2.blogblog.com/img/video_object.png" style="filter: alpha(opacity=30); left: 85px; mozopacity: 0.3; opacity: 0.3; position: absolute; top: 1026px; visibility: hidden;" width="96" /><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 18pt;"></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"></span></div><strong><u>1970s:</u></strong> <br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixd9eef_0YId40bhmfB2V_TQemxl8xGJ6xrO6ePJ10BLRf3Px3CP8XqWwkMROwPXiSQcszcbYdhUNoGX8qZyZuVJ4NqXXgYYRDUgQotGzWrd173nro9lOCSS9rFTWS_SBY2TFeeqZv603k/s1600/lalal5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="185" r6="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixd9eef_0YId40bhmfB2V_TQemxl8xGJ6xrO6ePJ10BLRf3Px3CP8XqWwkMROwPXiSQcszcbYdhUNoGX8qZyZuVJ4NqXXgYYRDUgQotGzWrd173nro9lOCSS9rFTWS_SBY2TFeeqZv603k/s200/lalal5.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><br />
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- This period in music created a trend for more relaxing music as well as dance music. People would go to dance clubs.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>this is where the disco movement came from, a movement which defined the 70s. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Another genre which was introduced in the 1970’s was Progressive rock.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was characterised by rock music combined with another genre and the songs tended to be longer with the bands would be more spontaneous and experimental with dynamics and expressive techniques when they played live.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Electric instruments were becoming used regularly</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Harmonies were being used but they were mainly simple just with the melody</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"> </span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Electric guitars became popular and featured in most music</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Experimentation with dynamics and expressive techniques were becoming used frequently</span></div><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 18pt;"><strong><u>1980s:</u></strong> </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>The music in the 1980s were characterised by the use of electric sounds that were created by synthesizers, keyboards and drum machines.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>The introduction of the MTV channel also led to creative music videos. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Heavy electric guitar sounds and strong beats were used</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">The electric guitar became the main form of accompaniment</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">More than one guitar would often play in the band</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Basic rock beat was used</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Simple time signatures were used mainly 4/4</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Repetition was becoming common and used to enforce main melodies and lines</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Female singers became more common</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 36pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18pt;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><strong><u>1990s</u></strong></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4komTQxla5k9UbifwtCBTV2vXqdudgvNSW-R_6ndIfzLFkAowMfOax1CR0VZXm5uikp9tFQOL6Ej1zIwYJKjgjnMFVL-G8Kl2bGtePBfli9IXSzrNest1IURwC4Q1MzNCdNT_1-79mQn4/s1600/lala+4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="173" r6="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4komTQxla5k9UbifwtCBTV2vXqdudgvNSW-R_6ndIfzLFkAowMfOax1CR0VZXm5uikp9tFQOL6Ej1zIwYJKjgjnMFVL-G8Kl2bGtePBfli9IXSzrNest1IURwC4Q1MzNCdNT_1-79mQn4/s200/lala+4.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">- </div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; 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</div><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">- <span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Rock beats were still common but the beat was becoming to vary</span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">- </span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Guitars becoming used heavil</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">- </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">The rock band instruments were returning of vocals, keyboard, bass guitar, electric guitar and drum</span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">- </span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Keyboard began to take over melodies in accompaniment</span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">- </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Rock beats became more complete</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">- </span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Vocals mainly accompanied in chorus, contrasting tone colour and texture</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">- </span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Alternate music became popular</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">- </span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Children for music became popular with Hi-5 and The Wiggles</span></div><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"><strong><u>2000s:</u></strong></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">- </span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Commonly produce covers of older bands music, with their own style</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">- </span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Electric instruments became popular with use of synthesised sounds</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">- </span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Electronic, dance and rap music became popular</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">- </span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Complex rhythms were used to create interest</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">- </span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Rock band instruments were changed and altered and more classical instruments were included</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">- </span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Focus on main vocals and melody rather than the accompaniment</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">- </span><span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">Melodies become repetitive to make it easier for listeners to sing along</span><br />
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<span style="color: red;"><strong>Analysis of the song:</strong></span> "Straight lines" by Silverchair</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxiZSiPc1WR3NXrYm3I8r_3H-gHppPC7ZiiukpeExcbJxNiWBoF9yendZRY7hJeIKQGip4iWdILZRRXxXhmZSiooOQh9JpHGNT4EdsFipgalVGeOzX7gJEbBoAIJN8n49XXyXYwCtWMqzJ/s1600/lalalala.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="132" r6="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxiZSiPc1WR3NXrYm3I8r_3H-gHppPC7ZiiukpeExcbJxNiWBoF9yendZRY7hJeIKQGip4iWdILZRRXxXhmZSiooOQh9JpHGNT4EdsFipgalVGeOzX7gJEbBoAIJN8n49XXyXYwCtWMqzJ/s200/lalalala.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><br />
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<strong>Duration:</strong><br />
- the tempo is moderatly fast, although changes within the chorus to fast<br />
- the time signature is 4/4<br />
- the synthesizer which is providing a rhythmic pulse is using a continouse beat, this is repetition<br />
- There is syncopation seen in the drums and synthesizers <br />
- there is also a lot of rythmic repeition in the verse and chorus with the vocals.<br />
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<strong>Pitch:</strong><br />
<strong>- </strong>The song is Major<br />
- The main melodic role is the vocals and it moves in steps<br />
- the acconpmaniment is conjunct ( moving in steps)<br />
- the range of the melody is fairly large for the male singer, he uses his head voice within the chorus.<br />
- There is melodic repetition seen in the vocals role<br />
- The piano playing a simple chromatic part has repetition also<br />
<br />
<strong>Texture:</strong><br />
<strong>- </strong>synthesizer, piano, vocals, drums, bass and electric guitar= there are 6 layers of sound<br />
- the texture is homophonic with the main melody being the vocals<br />
- the texture begins fairly sparse although increases as more instruments are introduced that have more<br />
complicated rhythmic and melodic roles.<br />
- the texture increases in the chorus and in the bridge to the following chorus.<br />
<br />
<strong>Tone colour:</strong><br />
- syntheisizer, piano, vocals, drums, bass and electric guitar<br />
- The sound is produced by an electric synthesizer which provides the rhythmic pulse. After the first chorus, the synthesized sound stops and the guitar provides a rhythmic role by strumming the guitar.<br />
- the sound is first light and sweet, although after the first chorus it changes to a rich sound that feels like its leading up to something.<br />
<br />
<strong>Dynamics and expressive techniques:</strong><br />
<strong>- </strong>the dynamics are originally soft, although gradually increase as the song goes on, especially after the seond chorus that leads to the bridge.<br />
- The initial synthesized sound uses a high level of staccato<br />
- in the chorus, the guitar strums only on the beat, this creates an accentuation.<br />
<br />
<strong>Structure:</strong><br />
<strong>- </strong>there is a small intro, verse, chorus, verse, chorus, bride, chorus<br />
- the form would be in verse chorus<br />
<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">- the song really builts in in both texture and dynamics as the song continouse. As each new section is introduced, the overall sound is louser, stronger and thicker.</div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt 18pt;"><br />
</div></div></div><div class="separator" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcptQn5mQxVspZlXPEqx1SGlIPxQYzKdgiqREsWxznqsMN8CSlYiT1v0n3bg8sT8M1hKUzzva7lxWo41vo8REyYP79pkSrxQzmT6sb3jxYr7XB1QV6BkKkUk9BEqkj8EW3MJ6hJvMGk5bY/s1600/lala+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="132" r6="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcptQn5mQxVspZlXPEqx1SGlIPxQYzKdgiqREsWxznqsMN8CSlYiT1v0n3bg8sT8M1hKUzzva7lxWo41vo8REyYP79pkSrxQzmT6sb3jxYr7XB1QV6BkKkUk9BEqkj8EW3MJ6hJvMGk5bY/s200/lala+2.jpg" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaLOtXBHlRsqTTphNQeCIy7_dWzSSsH-0HwViF6COE5IE-0SslzYBxUYjfqeCXVQERyGBvDKaC7mbRpxOU9-rTY2rcYUOS1mdscNZBNuBCNPkncs62EVTkAxzsPggNYaxink9MG-5m0cC4/s1600/lala+3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" r6="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaLOtXBHlRsqTTphNQeCIy7_dWzSSsH-0HwViF6COE5IE-0SslzYBxUYjfqeCXVQERyGBvDKaC7mbRpxOU9-rTY2rcYUOS1mdscNZBNuBCNPkncs62EVTkAxzsPggNYaxink9MG-5m0cC4/s200/lala+3.jpg" width="196" /></a></div>Australian Popular Musichttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13989281229576743015noreply@blogger.com1